{"id":30656,"date":"2025-06-18T09:47:42","date_gmt":"2025-06-18T01:47:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.odychina.com\/ba-chu-culture-and-the-living-traditions-of-the-three-gorges.html"},"modified":"2026-01-06T13:54:13","modified_gmt":"2026-01-06T05:54:13","slug":"ba-chu-culture-and-the-living-traditions-of-the-three-gorges","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.odychina.com\/vi\/ba-chu-culture-and-the-living-traditions-of-the-three-gorges.html","title":{"rendered":"V\u0103n h\u00f3a Ba Chu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Tam Hi\u1ec7p"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u1ecdc s\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1eed<\/span><\/span><\/strong>
Khu v\u1ef1c Tam Hi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 h\u00f9ng v\u0129 v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edd s\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u1edbi di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Ba v\u00e0 S\u1edf c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. Khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 xung quanh Zigui thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh H\u1ed3 B\u1eafc, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i giao thoa c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba. Nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f4i theo d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n vang v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay qua nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t, \u0111i\u1ec7u nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Chuanjiang Haozi: Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/span><\/strong>
Chuanjiang Haozi, hay nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1eed, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a di s\u1ea3n v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i b\u00e8 h\u00e1t khi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1eed, nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf\u2014ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 khi h\u1ecd k\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e8o nh\u1eefng con t\u00e0u ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 qua nh\u1eefng gh\u1ec1nh th\u00e1c nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c2m nh\u1ea1c th\u00f4 s\u01a1 v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0 s\u1ea5m s\u00e9t. Gi\u1ecdng h\u00e1t v\u00fat l\u00ean r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng, vang v\u1ecdng kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c h\u1ebbm n\u00fai. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c cho d\u00e0n nh\u1ea1c m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u1eeb lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1ed3n. Phong c\u00e1ch ng\u1eabu h\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e8o thuy\u1ec1n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ed7i nh\u1edb nhung, hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng suy t\u01b0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n Haozi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn du ngo\u1ea1n tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng, mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda th\u00ednh gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Nghe tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 cao ch\u00f3t v\u00f3t s\u1ebd k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1eed.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tujia Baishou: V\u0169 \u0111i\u1ec7u k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng t\u1eebng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9<\/span><\/span><\/strong>
M\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Tujia Baishou, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cv\u0169 \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u1eaby tay\u201d. M\u00e0n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n nghi l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u1eeb h\u01a1n n\u0103m th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tujia \u2013 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00fai d\u1ecdc s\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1eed. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7u nh\u1ea3y m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e3 h\u00f3a g\u1ed3m h\u01a1n 70 c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng, \u200b\u200bm\u1ed7i c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n: m\u1ed9t con di\u1ec1u h\u00e2u bay l\u01b0\u1ee3n tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t con h\u1ed5 v\u1ed3 m\u1ed3i, l\u00faa \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gieo tr\u1ed3ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau nhau g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn binh \u0111ang chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n trong c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c nghi l\u1ec5 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, Baishou th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00faa theo v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n, k\u00e8m theo ti\u1ebfng chi\u00eang, tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00e0 suona (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i k\u00e8n Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 \u00e2m thanh s\u1eafc b\u00e9n). Trang ph\u1ee5c r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3, \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eau th\u00f9a t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 theo phong c\u00e1ch v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n. Khi bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, c\u00e1c v\u0169 c\u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n xung quanh \u0111\u1ed1ng l\u1eeda, b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng s\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed huy\u1ec1n \u1ea3o, h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1ch tham quan th\u01b0\u1eddng tham gia v\u00f2ng ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n Baishou. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i trong l\u00f2ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1n Qu Yuan \u1edf Zigui: N\u01a1i huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nghi l\u1ec5.<\/span><\/span><\/strong>
T\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Zigui, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1n Qu Yuan, m\u1ed9t di t\u00edch v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u00e2m linh t\u00f4n vinh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Qu Yuan, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb quan trung th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc S\u1edf c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n 2.300 n\u0103m. Sau khi b\u1ecb l\u01b0u \u0111\u00e0y do \u00e2m m\u01b0u ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u00ean truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 t\u1eed d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00f4ng Miluo v\u00ec tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed7i m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u01a1i ngu\u1ed3n cho L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i Thuy\u1ec1n R\u1ed3ng \u2013 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1eb1m t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb ho\u1eb7c t\u00f4n vinh \u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua thuy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u00e9m b\u00e1nh tr\u00f4i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng linh h\u1ed3n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 xua \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1. Nghi th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb n\u1ed7i \u0111au bu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng lan r\u1ed9ng ra to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n n\u00e9p m\u00ecnh b\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i xanh m\u01b0\u1edbt, mang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p ra s\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1eed. B\u00ean trong, nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc g\u1ed7 tinh x\u1ea3o, th\u01b0 ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc t\u00f4n vinh di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u01a1. Trong L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i Thuy\u1ec1n R\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u, Zigui bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m v\u0103n h\u00f3a s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua thuy\u1ec1n r\u1ed3ng, d\u00e2ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Khu\u1ea5t Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 nh\u1ea1c.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt d\u00e0nh cho du kh\u00e1ch<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n